The Indus Valley Civilization
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It was home to the largest of the four ancient urban civilizations of Egypt, Mesopotamia, India and China. it came into existence in 1920s when the Archaeological Department of India carried out excavations in the Indus valley wherein the remains of the two old cities, viz. Mohenjodaro and Harappa were unearthed.
Vedic Civilization
Vedic civilization is the first civilization in the history of ancient India. Named after the Vedas ( Literature of the Hindu people ) . The Vedic Civilization mainly grows along the river Saraswati, which is Haryana and Punjab today.
The Ramayana and Mahabharata were the two great epics of this period.
The Buddhist Era
Buddha was born in BC 560 and died at the age of eighty in BC 480. He was born in Lumbini, near the city of Kapilavastu, at the foot of Mount Palpa in the Himalayan ranges within Nepal.
Buddha's, original name was Siddhartha Gautama, was the founder of Buddhism, the religion and the philosophical system that evolved into a great culture throughout much of southern and eastern Asia.
Alexander's Invasion
In 326 BC, Alexander conquer India, after crossing the river Indus he advanced towards Taxila. He challenged Porus, who is ruler of the area between the rivers Jhelum and Chenab and defeated him but like other Alexander allowed Porus to continue govern his territory.
Alexander is a wise philosopher and a fearless conqueror. he was injured many time in attack but once an arrow pierced his Chest and ribcage.
Alexander and his army reached the mouth of the Indus in July 325 BC, and turned westward for home.
The Mauryan Empire
This period of Mauryan Empire (322 BC-185 BC) marked a new development in the history of India. It was a period when politics, art, trade and commerce elevated India to a glorious height. In this period India reach out to the outside world because of art and trade.
After the death of Alexander Chandragupta Maurya find opportunity and he occupy Punjab and Sindh. He ruled from 324 to 301 BC . He Earned the title of liberator and the First king of Bharat.
Gupta Dynasty
Chandragupta I Ghatotkacha's son was the first famous king of the Gupta dynasty. Chandragupta I married Kumaradevi ( Licchavis chief daughter) and in dowry got Pataliputra. He ruled for 15 years, also got the title of Maharajadhiraja (King of Kings). He ruled over Magadha (Bihar), Prayaga and Saketa. His expand his kingdom from the river Ganges to Allahabad.
Samudragupta defeated Chandragupta in about 330 A.D. A great military genius, who have commanded a military campaign beyond Deccan.
Vikramaditya successor of Samudragupta's , conquered the substantial region of Malwa, Gujarat and Kathiawar which provides a good amount of wealth. Sea trade was establish by Guptas with west countries. Kalidas (Sanskrit poet) and many other scientist, scholars were grow during his time.
Harshavardhana
In 7th century, Harshavardhana (606-647 A.D.) become king after the death of his brother, Rajyavardhana.
Harshavardhana capture Chalukya kingdom in 620 A.D. but tough resistance by and he was defeated. he was a very good religious tolerance, administration and diplomatic relations till china.
Thank you very much for reading.
“Hope you enjoyed the article!”
I tried to gather as much as information about our India from different sources like online, books etc so that you guys can get an overview of it without spending much time and For the one who want to go deep, I am attaching the website link also where one can get detailed information.
Above information taken from website name knowindia.gov.in. Its a Indian government website. https://knowindia.gov.in
"THE FUTURE DEPENDS WHAT YOU DO TODAY " BY MAHATAMA GANDHI
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